Description
खेती एवं बुवाई निर्देशिका — Castor Seeds GCH-7
फसल के सर्वोत्तम प्रबंधन, रोग प्रतिरोधकता और प्रीमियम उत्पादन के लिए संपूर्ण चरणबद्ध कृषि निर्देशिका।
🌾 भूमि की तैयारी एवं खेत सुधार
खेत की समुचित जुताई एवं तैयारी से एकसमान अंकुरण और मजबूत जड़ों का विकास होता है।
🌱 आदर्श मिट्टी का प्रकार एवं pH
Well-drained loamy to sandy-loam soils with good organic matter content. pH range: 6.0–8.0. Castor thrives in deep soils that do not waterlog even temporarily.
✨ प्रमुख कृषि लाभ
GCH-7 exhibits strong root architecture suited for medium-textured soils, ensuring rapid early growth and enhanced nutrient uptake under Indian tropical conditions.
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25–30 सेमी गहरी ग्रीष्मकालीन जुताई और 2–3 बार हैरो चलाकर खरपतवार बीजों को दबाएं व भुरभुरी मिट्टी तैयार करें।
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Field leveling with laser leveling where possible; prepare drainage channels to prevent water stagnation.
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Incorporate optimal produce volume of well-decomposed FYM or compost per acre during last ploughing for soil structure improvement.
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Conduct soil health card test prior to sowing; apply gypsum at 250 kg/acre in saline-alkali soils and sulfur at 50 kg/acre in alkaline soils to balance pH.
🌱 बुवाई का समय एवं विधि
सटीक बीज दर और सही दूरी से पौधों को पर्याप्त सूर्य का प्रकाश और संतुलित विकास मिलता है।
| मानक / पैरामीटर | अनुशंसा / निर्देश | कृषि महत्व |
|---|---|---|
| बुवाई समय सीमा | June 15 – July 15 (Kharif) | October 15 – November 15 (Rabi) | Ensures favourable monsoon moisture for germination; avoids pre-monsoon drought and late-season moisture stress |
| बीज दर (प्रति एकड़) | 6–8 kg/acre (bunch sowing) | 4–5 kg/acre (line sowing) | Maintains optimum plant population while allowing thinning; avoids overcrowding that reduces capsule size |
| कतार एवं पौधे का अंतर | 90 cm x 60 cm (Row-to-row x Plant-to-plant) | Optimizes canopy spread, inter-row aeration, and sunlight penetration for triple-bloom expression |
| बुवाई की गहराई | 3–5 cm for light soils; 5–7 cm for heavy soils | Correct depth ensures adequate soil contact, uniform germination, and strong radicle emergence |
💧 सिंचाई एवं जल प्रबंधन
उचित नमी प्रबंधन से पौधे की वानस्पतिक एवं फलने-फूलने की अवस्था में जोरदार विकास होता है।
☀️ जल आवश्यकता एवं सिंचाई प्रोफाइल
Castor is inherently drought-tolerant but responds well to 3–4 irrigations during critical stages. GCH-7, being medium tall with robust root system, tolerates moderate moisture stress. For irrigated crops, apply irrigation at 20, 40, 60, and 80 DAS. Drip irrigation is highly compatible and conserves 40% water while maintaining uniform soil moisture.
🌦️ Soil नमी प्रबंधन
In rainfed conditions, ensure in-situ moisture conservation through summer fallow prep, mulching with crop residue, and contour bunding on sloping lands. Avoid moisture deficit during flowering and capsule development to prevent premature drying, which GCH-7 is specifically resistant against.
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First irrigation at 15–20 DAS to promote uniform stand establishment and early vegetative growth.
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Irrigate every 15–20 days during vegetative phase (20–50 DAS); avoid waterlogging as castor is highly sensitive to saturated soils.
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Critical: irrigate at peak flowering (55–70 DAS) and early capsule development (70–85 DAS) to maximize bloom longevity and triple-bloom expression.
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Withhold irrigation 10–15 days before first picking to allow capsule maturation and reduce field spoilage during harvest.
🧪 उर्वरक एवं पोषण प्रबंधन
संतुलित पोषण से मजबूत पौधा संरचना और उच्च गुणवत्ता वाली उपज प्राप्त होती है।
| पोषक तत्व | अनुशंसित मात्रा (प्रति एकड़) | प्रयोग विधि एवं समय |
|---|---|---|
| नाइट्रोजन (N) | 80–100 kg N/acre | 50% basal at sowing + 25% at 40 DAS + 25% at 60 DAS |
| फॉस्फोरस (P₂O₅) | 50–60 kg P₂O₅/acre | 100% basal as DAP or SSP incorporated during final ploughing |
| पोटाश (K₂O) | 40–50 kg K₂O/acre | 50% basal + 50% at 60 DAS for improved capsule filling and stalk strength |
🌿 निराई-गुड़ाई एवं खरपतवार नियंत्रण
समय पर खरपतवार नियंत्रण से मुख्य फसल को पूर्ण पोषण और नमी मिलती है।
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1
पहली निराई-गुड़ाई: Perform at 15–20 DAS using hand hoe or cultivator. Early weeding prevents competition during critical establishment phase when GCH-7 seedlings are most vulnerable to weed pressure.
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दूसरी निराई एवं मिट्टी चढ़ाना: Carry out at 35–40 DAS. Earthing-up around the base supports the medium-tall stature of GCH-7 and improves root aeration, reducing root rot incidence.
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विशेष अंतर-कृषि क्रियाएं: Remove lateral suckers (side shoots) from leaf axils starting at 45 DAS to direct nutrients toward main spike and secondary bloom clusters. Apply black polyethylene mulch at wide spacing to conserve moisture and suppress weeds in drip-irrigated plots.
🛡️ कीट एवं रोग नियंत्रण
फसल की सक्रिय निगरानी और एकीकृत प्रबंधन से रोगमुक्त एवं स्वस्थ फसल सुनिश्चित होती है।
🐛 कीट प्रबंधन एवं रोकथाम
- Shoot and Fruit Borer (Helicoverpa armigera): Larvae bore into main shoot and young capsules causing wilting and capsule damage. Control: Spray Endosulfan 4G at 15 kg/acre OR Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC at 60 ml/acre + Spinetoram 11.7% WS at 40 ml/acre in 500 L water/acre. Start sprays at first flower appearance and repeat at 15-day intervals. Use pheromone traps at 10/acre for monitoring.
- Castor Phyllera (Phyllera robusta): Defoliating caterpillars cause skeletonization of leaves, severely reducing photosynthetic area. Control: Spray Bt formulation (Curahil) at 250–500 g/acre in 500 L water OR NSKE 5% at 2.5 L/acre. For severe infestation, use Emamectin benzoate 5% SG at 250 g/acre. Target younger larvae before they cause extensive defoliation.
- Mealybug (Ferrisia virgata): Sucks sap from leaves and stems, secreting honeydew that promotes sooty mold. Control: Spray Imidacloprid 17.8% SL at 100 ml/acre in 500 L water OR Thiamethoxam 25% WG at 100 g/acre. Apply at tillering stage and repeat if pest rebound occurs. Encourage natural enemies like Cryptolaemus montrouzieri.
🔬 रोग नियंत्रण एवं उपचार
- Root Rot (Macrophomina phaseolina / Rhizoctonia solani): Wilting, yellowing, and sudden drying of lower leaves; black sclerotia visible on stem base near soil line. Prevention: Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride at 10 g/kg seed + carbendazim. Soil drench with Pseudomonas fluorescens at 10 g/L water at 30 DAS. Avoid waterlogging; GCH-7 is tolerant but preventive management is essential.
- Wilt Disease (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. castoris): Vascular browning, yellowing, and permanent wilting of entire plant. Prevention: Raise nursery in non-infested soil; use raised beds with good drainage. Apply biocontrol agent Trichoderma at 5 g per plant at transplanting. Remove and burn infected plants immediately. Crop rotation with non-host crops for 2–3 seasons.
- Leaf Spot (Cercospora ricinella): Small circular brown spots with purple halo on leaves, leading to premature defoliation. Prevention: Spraying Mancozeb 75% WP at 250 g/acre in 500 L water at 45 DAS and again at 65 DAS. Ensure proper plant spacing for canopy ventilation. Remove and destroy infected plant debris after harvest.
✂️ कटाई एवं उपज गुणवत्ता निर्देशिका
सही परिपक्वता पर कटाई से अधिकतम मंडी भाव और बेहतर भंडारण क्षमता मिलती है।
⏱️ कटाई समय एवं निर्धारण
harvesting begins at 90–100 DAS when main spike capsules turn brown and begin to dehisce. Subsequent pickings are taken at 12–15 day intervals for secondary and tertiary blooms. Total 3–4 pickings over 30–35 days.
⭐ उपज की गुणवत्ता एवं विशेषताएं
GCH-7 produces medium spiny capsules with deep red stems, indicating robust pigment development and strong stalk integrity. Seeds exhibit uniform size, high oil content potential, and dark mottled appearance characteristic of premium castor hybrids.
| गुणवत्ता मानक | कृषि मानक | किसान एवं मंडी लाभ |
|---|---|---|
| कटाई की अवस्था | 90–100 बुवाई के दिन बाद | Main spike maturity allows early market entry; triple-bloom habit ensures continued picking capacity |
| परिपक्वता के लक्षण | Capsules turn pale green to yellow-brown; spines become less prominent; slight cracking at capsule tips indicates seed maturity | Prevents over-maturity and shattering losses; ensures optimal seed fill and oil concentration |
| भंडारण क्षमता एवं टिकाऊपन | Dried capsules and seeds maintain viability and oil quality for 8–10 months under dry, cool storage conditions at <10% moisture content | Enables flexible marketing timing and reduces post-harvest losses in transit |
| मंडी मांग एवं उपयुक्तता | Suitable for direct seed sale, oil extraction, and pharma-grade castor meal utilization | Uniform capsule size and strong red-stem phenotype attract buyers in major mandis across Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan |
⭐ किस्म की विशेषताएं — Castor Seeds GCH-7
विशिष्ट विशेषताएं जो इस किस्म को भारतीय किसानों की पहली पसंद बनाती हैं।
🌿 किस्म की मुख्य विशेषताएं
GCH-7 is a medium tall hybrid with distinctive red stem and medium spiny capsules, offering a triple-bloom architecture that maximizes productive canopy and reduces premature drying under field stress.
🌿 उपज की गुणवत्ता एवं रूप-रंग
Uniform capsule size with well-developed spines, consistent red stem pigmentation, and high seed setting percentage per capsule cluster indicate superior genetic quality and commercial appeal.
🌿 तनाव एवं रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता
Engineered resistance to premature drying and tolerance to root rot (Macrophomina/Rhizoctonia) make GCH-7 resilient under variable rainfall and moderately waterlogged conditions common in castor-growing regions.
🌿 वृद्धि स्वभाव एवं ओज (विगर)
Medium-tall stature with strong central and three well-distributed bloom clusters per plant. Branching pattern supports efficient light interception and balanced assimilate partitioning.
🌿 फसल अवधि एवं पकने का समय
Main spike maturity in 90–110 days provides an optimal window for crop rotation in Kharif-Rabi systems, particularly suitable for Gujarat and Maharashtra where early-maturing varieties command better prices.
🌿 मंडी एवं किसान प्राथमिकता
AgriBee Seeds' GCH-7 combines early vigor, disease resilience, and distinctive morphology, making it a preferred choice among farmers in semi-arid and transitional zones of India seeking reliable field performance with manageable input requirements.
