Description
खेती एवं बुवाई निर्देशिका — வெள்ளை Maize Shaurya 1717
फसल के सर्वोत्तम प्रबंधन, रोग प्रतिरोधकता और प्रीमियम उत्पादन के लिए संपूर्ण चरणबद्ध कृषि निर्देशिका।
🌾 भूमि की तैयारी एवं खेत सुधार
खेत की समुचित जुताई एवं तैयारी से एकसमान अंकुरण और मजबूत जड़ों का विकास होता है।
🌱 आदर्श मिट्टी का प्रकार एवं pH
Well‑drained loamy to clay‑loam soils with pH 5.5–7.5 and high organic carbon content.
✨ प्रमुख कृषि लाभ
The open, friable seedbed promotes rapid imbibition, uniform germination, and strong root anchorage for vigorous plant stand.
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Deep summer ploughing (25–30 cm) followed by 2–3 cross‑harrowings to achieve a fine, clod‑free tilth.
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Field leveling and formation of drainage channels to avoid water stagnation during heavy rains.
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Incorporation of 8–10 t/acre of well‑decomposed FYM or compost at final ploughing to improve soil structure and moisture retention.
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Soil health conditioning with agricultural lime (if pH <5.5) or gypsum (if sodic), based on soil test recommendations.
🌱 बुवाई का समय एवं विधि
सटीक बीज दर और सही दूरी से पौधों को पर्याप्त सूर्य का प्रकाश और संतुलित विकास मिलता है।
| मानक / पैरामीटर | अनुशंसा / निर्देश | कृषि महत्व |
|---|---|---|
| बुवाई समय सीमा | May–July (Summer/Kharif) and October–December (Rabi) | Sowing in these windows avoids extreme temperature stress and aligns with favorable rainfall patterns for uniform germination. |
| बीज दर (प्रति एकड़) | 8–10 kg / Acre | Maintains optimal plant population (≈40,000–45,000 plants/ha) without overcrowding, ensuring balanced canopy development. |
| कतार एवं पौधे का अंतर | 60 cm (row‑to‑row) × 20 cm (plant‑to‑plant) | Optimal spacing improves light interception, air circulation, and simplifies field operations and harvest. |
| बुवाई की गहराई | 3–5 cm | Ensures adequate soil‑seed contact for consistent moisture uptake while allowing unhindered seedling emergence. |
💧 सिंचाई एवं जल प्रबंधन
उचित नमी प्रबंधन से पौधे की वानस्पतिक एवं फलने-फूलने की अवस्था में जोरदार विकास होता है।
☀️ जल आवश्यकता एवं सिंचाई प्रोफाइल
Maize has moderate drought tolerance but is highly sensitive to moisture stress during tasseling to grain filling. Under drip irrigation, maintain soil moisture at 70–80% of field capacity; furrow or basin irrigation should be applied at 8–10 day intervals during peak vegetative and reproductive stages.
🌦️ Soil नमी प्रबंधन
In rainfed conditions, synchronize sowing with monsoon onset, use conservation mulches to reduce evaporation, and plan emergency irrigation at silking if rain gaps exceed 10 days to safeguard pollination and grain set.
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First irrigation 7–10 days after sowing to ensure uniform germination, especially in summer soils.
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During active vegetative growth (tillering to knee‑high stage), irrigate every 10–12 days depending on soil type and weather.
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Critical irrigation at 50–60 days after sowing coincides with tasseling and silking; water stress at this stage drastically reduces grain filling and vigor.
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Withhold irrigation 7–10 days before harvest to facilitate uniform drying and prevent lodging.
🧪 उर्वरक एवं पोषण प्रबंधन
संतुलित पोषण से मजबूत पौधा संरचना और उच्च गुणवत्ता वाली उपज प्राप्त होती है।
| पोषक तत्व | अनुशंसित मात्रा (प्रति एकड़) | प्रयोग विधि एवं समय |
|---|---|---|
| नाइट्रोजन (N) | 120 kg / acre | Apply 1/3 as basal at sowing, remaining 2/3 in two equal splits at 30 DAS and 45 DAS. |
| फॉस्फोरस (P₂O₅) | 60 kg / acre | 100% as basal through DAP (or SSP) at final land preparation. |
| पोटाश (K₂O) | 40 kg / acre | Apply 50% with basal P and the remainder as top‑dress at first irrigation after 30 DAS. |
🌿 निराई-गुड़ाई एवं खरपतवार नियंत्रण
समय पर खरपतवार नियंत्रण से मुख्य फसल को पूर्ण पोषण और नमी मिलती है।
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1
पहली निराई-गुड़ाई: Carry out at 15 DAS using a conical hoe or rotavator to eradicate early weed flush and loosen soil crust, improving root aeration.
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2
Second Weeding & Earthing‑Up: At 30 DAS, perform another weeding and ridge the soil around the base of plants to provide mechanical support and protect developing roots from wind lodging.
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3
विशेष अंतर-कृषि क्रियाएं: Apply a thin straw mulch (2–3 cm) between rows to conserve soil moisture, suppress weeds, and moderate soil temperature during high‑summer sowing.
🛡️ कीट एवं रोग नियंत्रण
फसल की सक्रिय निगरानी और एकीकृत प्रबंधन से रोगमुक्त एवं स्वस्थ फसल सुनिश्चित होती है।
🐛 कीट प्रबंधन एवं रोकथाम
- Shoot Fly (Atherigona exigua): Symptoms include dead hearts and central leaf pull‑out in seedlings. Control: Apply fipronil 75 WDG at 0.3 kg/acre as soil drench around the stem at 10–15 DAS, or release Trichogramma japonicum (1 lakh/acre) at weekly intervals.
- Stem Borer (Chilo partellus): Larvae bore into stems causing premature drying and easy breakage. Control: Spray chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC at 0.4 ml/liter water at first sign of active feeding; alternatively, use Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) formulation at 250 g/acre.
- Aphids (Rhopalosiphum maidis): Colonies on leaf sheaths and tassels cause curling and sooty mold. Control: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 0.3 ml/liter water or release Aphidius colemani; apply periodic sprinkler irrigation to dislodge colonies.
🔬 रोग नियंत्रण एवं उपचार
- Downy Mildew (Peronosclerospora philippinensis): Yellowing and stunting of leaves with dense fungal sporulation on the underside. Control: Treat seeds with metalaxyl 35% WS at 4 g/kg seed; spray propineb 70 WP at 2.5 g/liter water at onset of disease.
- Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis): Oval brown lesions with yellow halos on leaves. Control: Apply mancozeb 75 WP at 2 g/liter water as preventive spray at 40 DAS and repeat after 15 days under humid conditions.
- Smut (Ustilago maydis): Galls replacing kernels and leaves; spread via soil‑borne spores. Control: Use hybrid & research disease‑free seeds; treat with thiram 2.5 g/kg seed; remove and destroy any visible galls before they rupture.
✂️ कटाई एवं उपज गुणवत्ता निर्देशिका
सही परिपक्वता पर कटाई से अधिकतम मंडी भाव और बेहतर भंडारण क्षमता मिलती है।
⏱️ कटाई समय एवं निर्धारण
harvest is completed at 90–100 days after sowing when grains reach physiological maturity (milky‑white, firm texture). Allow the crop to dry naturally in the field for an additional 5–7 days to improve grain hardness and shelf life.
⭐ उपज की गुणवत्ता एवं विशेषताएं
The variety produces milky‑white, compact ears with a sweet, delicate flavor. Grain texture is firm yet tender, retaining high sugar content at harvest and appealing to fresh‑market consumers and processing units.
| गुणवत्ता मानक | कृषि मानक | किसान एवं मंडी लाभ |
|---|---|---|
| कटाई की अवस्था | 90–100 बुवाई के दिन बाद (full physiological maturity) | Ensures maximum grain fill, optimal kernel weight, and best sensory attributes for fresh consumption. |
| परिपक्वता के लक्षण | Ear shank dries, husk turns pale and papery, grain loses moisture and attains hard dent stage | Visual cues prevent premature picking and guarantee uniform quality across the lot. |
| भंडारण क्षमता एवं टिकाऊपन | 7–10 days under ambient conditions (25–30°C); extends to 15–20 days if kept in cool, ventilated storage | Robust grain coat and low moisture content at harvest support longer marketing windows and reduced post‑harvest losses. |
| मंडी मांग एवं उपयुक्तता | Fresh market, wholesale mandis, institutional buyers, and processing for popcorn, flour, or canned products | Uniform milky‑white color and consistent ear size attract premium prices and broaden buyer acceptance. |
⭐ किस्म की विशेषताएं — வெள்ளை Maize Shaurya 1717
विशिष्ट विशेषताएं जो इस किस्म को भारतीय किसानों की पहली पसंद बनाती हैं।
🌿 किस्म की मुख्य विशेषताएं
வெள்ளை Maize Shaurya 1717 exhibits exceptional field vigor, uniform stand establishment, and high genetic purity, delivering reliable performance across diverse Indian agro‑climatic zones.
🌿 उपज की गुणवत्ता एवं रूप-रंग
Ears are compact with milky‑white kernels that are sweet, tender, and visually appealing; grain color remains consistent even after harvest, meeting stringent fresh‑market standards.
🌿 तनाव एवं रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता
Shows moderate tolerance to downy mildew, leaf blight, and shoot fly pressure; maintains foliage health under moisture‑stress conditions, reducing the need for intensive chemical intervention.
🌿 वृद्धि स्वभाव एवं ओज (विगर)
Upright plant architecture with broad green leaves ensures efficient light capture and robust photosynthetic activity, supporting steady dry‑matter accumulation throughout the growing cycle.
🌿 फसल अवधि एवं पकने का समय
A mid‑early hybrid reaching maturity in 90–100 days, enabling farmers to fit it into tight rotation schedules (e.g., wheat–maize, rice–maize) and capitalize on off‑season price advantages.
🌿 मंडी एवं किसान प्राथमिकता
Trusted by progressive growers for its uniform ear size, striking white kernel color, and strong field performance, making it a preferred choice for contract farming, export‑oriented supply chains, and direct retail markets.
