Description
खेती एवं बुवाई निर्देशिका — Groundnut AgriBee 909
फसल के सर्वोत्तम प्रबंधन, रोग प्रतिरोधकता और प्रीमियम उत्पादन के लिए संपूर्ण चरणबद्ध कृषि निर्देशिका।
🌾 भूमि की तैयारी एवं खेत सुधार
खेत की समुचित जुताई एवं तैयारी से एकसमान अंकुरण और मजबूत जड़ों का विकास होता है।
🌱 आदर्श मिट्टी का प्रकार एवं pH
Well-drained sandy loam to loamy sand; pH 6.0 – 7.5; depth > 30 cm for unrestricted peg penetration.
✨ प्रमुख कृषि लाभ
Loose, friable soil texture ensures rapid germination, unhindered geocarpic peg insertion, and uniform pod set throughout the root zone.
- 1
Deep summer ploughing (25–30 cm) followed by 2–3 cross-harrowings to obtain fine tilth.
- 2
Field leveling with laser or board leveling and formation of drainage channels to prevent water stagnation.
- 3
Incorporation of 10–15 t/ha well-decomposed FYM or compost during last harrowing for soil conditioning.
- 4
Soil testing for pH correction using gypsum (for alkaline soils) or elemental sulfur (for acidic soils) before sowing.
🌱 बुवाई का समय एवं विधि
सटीक बीज दर और सही दूरी से पौधों को पर्याप्त सूर्य का प्रकाश और संतुलित विकास मिलता है।
| मानक / पैरामीटर | अनुशंसा / निर्देश | कृषि महत्व |
|---|---|---|
| बुवाई समय सीमा | Early June to mid-July (Kharif); early October to mid-November (Rabi in rain-fed areas of MP, Maharashtra) | Sowing coincides with monsoon onset ensuring adequate soil moisture for germination and early vegetative growth. |
| बीज दर (प्रति एकड़) | 100 kg/ha (≈ 40–45 kg/acre), using uniform, healthy rosy seeds | Optimal plant population ensures complete canopy closure by 45 DAS and maximizes light interception. |
| कतार एवं पौधे का अंतर | 30 cm (row-to-row) × 10–12 cm (plant-to-plant) | Balanced spacing promotes lateral branching, improves air circulation, and facilitates interculture operations. |
| बुवाई की गहराई | 5–7 cm in light soils; 3–5 cm in heavy soils | Shallow sowing in heavy soils prevents damping-off, while deeper placement in light soils ensures adequate moisture contact. |
💧 सिंचाई एवं जल प्रबंधन
उचित नमी प्रबंधन से पौधे की वानस्पतिक एवं फलने-फूलने की अवस्था में जोरदार विकास होता है।
☀️ जल आवश्यकता एवं सिंचाई प्रोफाइल
Groundnut AgriBee 909 exhibits moderate drought tolerance due to its deep taproot system. Under drip irrigation, apply 25–30 mm per event at 5–7 day intervals during active growth. Total water requirement is approximately 450–550 mm over the crop cycle.
🌦️ Soil नमी प्रबंधन
In rainfed ecosystems, ensure 2–3 protective irrigations at critical stages: pre-sowing soak, flowering (35–45 DAS), and pod development (60–75 DAS). Mulching with dry straw conserves soil moisture and suppresses weeds.
- ✓
First irrigation at sowing itself (if soil is dry) to ensure uniform germination within 7–10 days.
- ✓
Light irrigation every 10–12 days during vegetative phase (20–40 DAS) to support canopy establishment.
- ✓
Critical irrigation at peak flowering and peg insertion (35–50 DAS) and during pod filling (60–80 DAS); moisture stress at these stages severely affects fruit set.
- ✓
Stop irrigation 10–12 days before harvest to allow pod maturation and prevent post-harvest aflatoxin risk.
🧪 उर्वरक एवं पोषण प्रबंधन
संतुलित पोषण से मजबूत पौधा संरचना और उच्च गुणवत्ता वाली उपज प्राप्त होती है।
| पोषक तत्व | अनुशंसित मात्रा (प्रति एकड़) | प्रयोग विधि एवं समय |
|---|---|---|
| नाइट्रोजन (N) | 20–25 kg/acre (50–60 kg/ha) | 50% basal with P and K; remaining 50% as top-dressing at first weeding (25–30 DAS). |
| Phosphorus (P2O5) | 40–50 kg/acre (100–125 kg/ha) | 100% basal application as DAP (18:46:0) or Super Phosphate incorporated during final harrowing. |
| Potash (K2O) | 30–40 kg/acre (75–100 kg/ha) | 100% basal as MOP (60% K2O); split only if soil leaching is severe in high-rainfall zones. |
🌿 निराई-गुड़ाई एवं खरपतवार नियंत्रण
समय पर खरपतवार नियंत्रण से मुख्य फसल को पूर्ण पोषण और नमी मिलती है।
-
1
पहली निराई-गुड़ाई: Carry out at 15–20 DAS using a hand hoe or rotavator. Early weed control is critical as groundnut is a poor competitive grower during the first 30 days.
-
2
दूसरी निराई एवं मिट्टी चढ़ाना: Perform at 30–35 DAS. Earthing-up (mounding soil around stems) supports developing pegs, prevents exposed pods from greening, and improves aeration around the root zone.
-
3
Mulching & Inter-row Cultivation: Apply dry straw mulch (2–3 t/ha) immediately after second weeding to conserve moisture, moderate soil temperature, and suppress regrowth of weeds. Mechanical inter-row hoeing can be done at 45 DAS if needed.
🛡️ कीट एवं रोग नियंत्रण
फसल की सक्रिय निगरानी और एकीकृत प्रबंधन से रोगमुक्त एवं स्वस्थ फसल सुनिश्चित होती है।
🐛 कीट प्रबंधन एवं रोकथाम
- Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera): Larvae bore into developing pods causing direct performance loss. Apply Profenophos 50 EC at 1.5 ml/L or Spinosad 45 SC at 0.5 ml/L at 30, 45, and 60 DAS. Release Trichogramma japonicum at 50,000/acre at 25 and 40 DAS as biological control.
- Termites (Odontotermes spp.): Attack germinating seeds and young roots causing patchy stands. Treat soil with Chlorpyriphos 20 EC at 5 ml/kg soil or Carbofuran 3G at 10 kg/acre before sowing. Use neem cake (@ optimal produce volume) as an eco-friendly deterrent.
- Leafhopper (Amrasca biguttula biguttula): Sucks sap from underside of leaves causing silvery stippling and premature drying. Spray Dimethoate 30 EC at 1.0 ml/L or Imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 0.3 ml/L. Encourage natural predators such as green lacewings and ladybird beetles.
🔬 रोग नियंत्रण एवं उपचार
- Late Leaf Spot (Puccinia arachidis): Caused by fungal pathogen; characterized by dark brown circular lesions on lower leaves leading to defoliation. Preventive spray of Propiconazole 25 EC at 0.1 ml/L or Mancozeb 75 WP at 2.5 g/L at 45 and 60 DAS effectively controls epidemics.
- తెలుపు Rot / Sclerotial Blight (Sclerotium rolfsii): Soil-borne fungus causes wilting and white mycelial growth at stem base near soil level. Treat seed with Trichoderma viride at 4 g/kg seed + 25 kg/acre soil application. Avoid water stagnation and practice 3-year rotation with cereals.
- Tobacco Streak Virus (TSV): Transmitted by thrips; symptoms include necrotic streaks on leaves, petioles, and pegs reducing pod quality. Control thrips vector promptly with Imidacloprid. Rogue out infected plants and use virus-free hybrid & research seed stock.
✂️ कटाई एवं उपज गुणवत्ता निर्देशिका
सही परिपक्वता पर कटाई से अधिकतम मंडी भाव और बेहतर भंडारण क्षमता मिलती है।
⏱️ कटाई समय एवं निर्धारण
Harvest at 100–105 DAS when approximately 75% of pods show mature internal seed development. Uproot the entire crop and spread on clean ground for sun curing for 3–4 days.
⭐ उपज की गुणवत्ता एवं विशेषताएं
Rosy seed coat with attractive luster; kernel size is uniform and well-filled. Oil content averages 48.9%, yielding a rich, sweet flavor profile. Seeds exhibit excellent fill percentage with minimal shrivelled kernels, making it highly desirable for both confectionery and oil extraction markets.
| गुणवत्ता मानक | कृषि मानक | किसान एवं मंडी लाभ |
|---|---|---|
| कटाई की अवस्था | 100–105 बुवाई के दिन बाद | Ensures full pod maturation, maximum oil synthesis, and optimal seed weight for premium market grades. |
| परिपक्वता के लक्षण | Upper foliage turns yellowish-green; pods have firm, well-ribbed shells; seeds fill the cavity completely with rosy testa. | Prevents over-maturity which leads to pod shattering, aflatoxin contamination, and quality deterioration. |
| भंडारण क्षमता एवं टिकाऊपन | 7–10 days under ambient conditions; up to 30+ days at 10–15°C and 70% RH with low moisture content (< 8%). | Robust seed coat and balanced oil composition ensure extended market window and reduced post-harvest losses during transportation. |
| मंडी मांग एवं उपयुक्तता | Fresh market (boiled/roasted), oil extraction, kernel grading, and export-grade raw pods. | Versatile end-use appeal attracts premium rates from both processor networks and commodity traders across mandis. |
⭐ किस्म की विशेषताएं — Groundnut AgriBee 909
विशिष्ट विशेषताएं जो इस किस्म को भारतीय किसानों की पहली पसंद बनाती हैं।
🌿 किस्म की मुख्य विशेषताएं
AgriBee 909 combines early vigour with a compact growth habit (40–45 cm), enabling dense planting and efficient land use while delivering consistent field performance under diverse Indian agro-climatic conditions.
🌿 उपज की गुणवत्ता एवं रूप-रंग
Rosy-coloured seed coat with high visual appeal; uniform kernel size, excellent fill percentage, and oil content of 48.9% deliver superior nutritional value and processing performance.
🌿 तनाव एवं रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता
Demonstrates strong field tolerance to Late Leaf Spot and తెలుపు Rot, moderate resistance to drought stress, and adequate resilience against termite pressure when standard seed treatments are applied.
🌿 वृद्धि स्वभाव एवं ओज (विगर)
Bushy, semi-erect plant architecture with prolific lateral branching ensures rapid canopy closure by 40 DAS, suppressing weeds naturally while supporting heavy peg and pod load.
🌿 फसल अवधि एवं पकने का समय
Reaches 50% flowering within 35–40 DAS and attains physiological maturity in 100–105 DAS, allowing flexible crop rotation with rabi vegetables or pulse crops in multiple growing zones.
🌿 मंडी एवं किसान प्राथमिकता
Farmers favour AgriBee 909 for its reliable germination, uniform maturity, attractive seed colour, and high oil content — traits that translate into better trader acceptance and stable pricing across both local mandis and processing units.
