Description
खेती एवं बुवाई निर्देशिका — Radish Seeds AgriBee सफ़ेद Cobra
फसल के सर्वोत्तम प्रबंधन, रोग प्रतिरोधकता और प्रीमियम उत्पादन के लिए संपूर्ण चरणबद्ध कृषि निर्देशिका।
🌾 भूमि की तैयारी एवं खेत सुधार
खेत की समुचित जुताई एवं तैयारी से एकसमान अंकुरण और मजबूत जड़ों का विकास होता है।
🌱 आदर्श मिट्टी का प्रकार एवं pH
Well-drained loamy to sandy-loam soils with pH 6.0–7.5. Deep, fertile soils free from waterlogging promote uniform root development and smooth skin finish.
✨ प्रमुख कृषि लाभ
Fine, loose seedbed texture ensures unobstructed radial expansion of the long cylindrical root, preventing forked or malformed produce.
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Deep ploughing to 25–30 cm depth during early summer followed by 2–3 harrowings to achieve fine tilth free from clods.
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Field leveling with laser leveling or board leveling to ensure uniform moisture distribution and prevent water stagnation.
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Incorporation of 15–20 tonnes/ha well-decomposed Farm Yard Manure (FYM) or vermicompost during final harrowing for improved soil structure and organic status.
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Soil health conditioning: adjust pH with agricultural lime (if acidic, below 6.0) or gypsum (if alkaline, above 7.5); ensure good drainage channels around field boundaries.
🌱 बुवाई का समय एवं विधि
सटीक बीज दर और सही दूरी से पौधों को पर्याप्त सूर्य का प्रकाश और संतुलित विकास मिलता है।
| मानक / पैरामीटर | अनुशंसा / निर्देश | कृषि महत्व |
|---|---|---|
| बुवाई समय सीमा | Oct – Nov (Rabi predominant) / Jun – Jul (Kharif for early-maturing cultivars) | Cool season sowing ensures crisp texture, mild pungency, and optimal root elongation without bolting stress. |
| बीज दर (प्रति एकड़) | 8–10 kg/ha for line sowing; 10–12 kg/ha for broadcast sowing | Optimal seed rate maintains uniform plant population for consistent root sizing and marketable grade produce. |
| कतार एवं पौधे का अंतर | 20–25 cm row-to-row × 8–10 cm plant-to-plant | Adequate spacing allows full expression of 25–30 cm root length without root compression or mutual shading. |
| बुवाई की गहराई | 1.0–1.5 cm (do not exceed 2 cm) | Shallow sowing ensures rapid and uniform germination; deeper sowing delays emergence and causes thick-necked or malformed roots. |
💧 सिंचाई एवं जल प्रबंधन
उचित नमी प्रबंधन से पौधे की वानस्पतिक एवं फलने-फूलने की अवस्था में जोरदार विकास होता है।
☀️ जल आवश्यकता एवं सिंचाई प्रोफाइल
Radish is moderately drought-sensitive; consistent soil moisture is critical during the 25–40 day vegetative-to-root bulking phase. Drip irrigation with 2–3 mm alternate-day application is highly compatible and improves root uniformity. Avoid both waterlogging and severe moisture deficits, which cause root cracking and pungency exaggeration.
🌦️ Soil नमी प्रबंधन
In rainfed conditions, ensure pre-sowing irrigation (2–3 irrigations before sowing) to build soil moisture reserve. Mulching with straw (2–3 cm layer) conserves moisture and keeps root collar clean. Install temporary drainage furrows to evacuate excess monsoon water within 6 hours of heavy rain.
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First irrigation at 3–4 days after sowing ( DAS ) to ensure prompt germination and seedling establishment.
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Light and frequent irrigation (every 5–7 days in Rabi; every 3–4 days in summer/Kharif) throughout the vegetative phase (10–25 DAS ).
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Critical moisture stage: 20–35 DAS coincides with rapid root elongation and bulking; maintain 60–70% field capacity without waterlogging.
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Withhold irrigation 3–4 days before harvest to reduce root moisture content, improve firmness, and extend post-harvest shelf life.
🧪 उर्वरक एवं पोषण प्रबंधन
संतुलित पोषण से मजबूत पौधा संरचना और उच्च गुणवत्ता वाली उपज प्राप्त होती है।
| पोषक तत्व | अनुशंसित मात्रा (प्रति एकड़) | प्रयोग विधि एवं समय |
|---|---|---|
| नाइट्रोजन (N) | 40–50 kg N / ha (16–20 kg N/acre) | Basal: 25 kg N/ha at sowing; Top-dress: 15 kg N/ha at 20 DAS ; Remaining 10 kg N/ha at 30 DAS |
| फॉस्फोरस (P2O5) | 30–40 kg P2O5 / ha (12–16 kg P2O5/acre) | 100% basal application as Single Super Phosphate (SSP) or Di-ammonium Phosphate (DAP) at sowing mixed into seedbed. |
| पोटाश (K2O) | 20–30 kg K2O / ha (8–12 kg K2O/acre) | 50% basal at sowing + 50% top-dressed at 25 DAS for improved root firmness and crisp texture. |
🌿 निराई-गुड़ाई एवं खरपतवार नियंत्रण
समय पर खरपतवार नियंत्रण से मुख्य फसल को पूर्ण पोषण और नमी मिलती है।
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1
पहली निराई-गुड़ाई: Perform at 10–12 DAS to eliminate early weed competition during the most vulnerable seedling stage. Shallow hand hoeing avoids root damage.
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2
Second Weeding & Thin-ing: Carry out at 20–25 DAS . Thin seedlings to maintain 8–10 cm plant spacing. Remove alternate weeds and loose soil around root crown for better aeration.
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3
Mulching and Final Cultivation: Apply straw or organic mulch after second weeding to conserve moisture and suppress late-season weeds. Avoid earthing-up as radish is a root crop; instead perform careful inter-row hoeing to prevent soil crust formation.
🛡️ कीट एवं रोग नियंत्रण
फसल की सक्रिय निगरानी और एकीकृत प्रबंधन से रोगमुक्त एवं स्वस्थ फसल सुनिश्चित होती है।
🐛 कीट प्रबंधन एवं रोकथाम
- Aphids (Myzus persicae): Sucking pests causing leaf curling, yellowing, and viral transmission. Spray Imidacloprid 17.8% SL at 0.3 ml/L or Neem-based bio-pesticide (Neemprime 1ml/L) at 10–15 DAS if incidence exceeds 10%. Repeat after 7 days if needed.
- Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella): Larvae cause characteristic window-panning and shot-hole lesions on leaves. Apply Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) formulation at 1–1.5 g/L or Spinosad 45% SC at 0.5 ml/L. Deploy yellow sticky traps at 10 traps/acre for monitoring.
- Radish Flea Beetle (Phyllotreta raphani): Adults create numerous small puncture holes on cotyledons and true leaves; larvae feed on root surface. Spray Chlorantraniliprole 18.4% WG at 0.3 ml/L or Cartap hydrochloride 4G at 1 kg/acre. Install net house covering for early seedling protection.
🔬 रोग नियंत्रण एवं उपचार
- Damping Off (Pythium spp.): Seedlings collapse at soil line with water-soaked stem lesions. Pre-sow seed treatment with Thiram or Carbendazim at 2.5 g/kg seed; soil drench with Metalaxyl 35% WS at 2.5 g/L at 7 DAS as preventive measure.
- सफ़ेद Rust (Albugo candida): सफ़ेद, powdery oospore masses on undersurface of leaves; stunted and distorted growth. Spray Copper oxychloride 50% WP at 2.5 g/L or Mancozeb 75% WP at 2 g/L at first sign; repeat at 10-day intervals. Ensure field drainage to minimize humidity.
- Black Rot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. rapae): V-shaped yellow lesions on leaf margins progressing to blackened vascular strands in root. Remove and destroy infected plants immediately. Spray Copper hydroxide 77% WP at 3 g/L as preventive; practice 3-year crop rotation and use pathogen-free hybrid & research seed.
✂️ कटाई एवं उपज गुणवत्ता निर्देशिका
सही परिपक्वता पर कटाई से अधिकतम मंडी भाव और बेहतर भंडारण क्षमता मिलती है।
⏱️ कटाई समय एवं निर्धारण
First harvest at 40–45 days after sowing. Roots are ready for pull when they reach 25–30 cm length with uniform girth. One complete field harvest is typical for this variety; no multiple pickings.
⭐ उपज की गुणवत्ता एवं विशेषताएं
Pure white, long cylindrical roots with smooth skin, mild pungent flavor, and crisp succulent texture. Uniform size distribution enhances commercial appeal. उच्च (High) water content and vitamin C levels make it a nutritious fresh-market staple.
| गुणवत्ता मानक | कृषि मानक | किसान एवं मंडी लाभ |
|---|---|---|
| पहली कटाई / तुड़ाई Stage | 40–45 बुवाई के दिन बाद (DAS) | Ensures peak tenderness, mild pungency, and early market arrival for superior price realization. |
| परिपक्वता के लक्षण | Root shoulder visible above soil; pure white skin; 25–30 cm length; firm to gentle squeeze | Prevents over-maturity which leads to woody texture, splitting, and pungency overload. |
| भंडारण क्षमता एवं टिकाऊपन | 5–7 days under ambient conditions; 10–12 days at 0–4°C with high humidity (90–95% RH) | Clean white skin and firm flesh provide excellent transport durability and extended sales window. |
| मंडी मांग एवं उपयुक्तता | Fresh vegetable market, wholesale mandi, retail packaging, hotel & restaurant supply, processed salad industry | Uniform white appearance and long cylindrical shape command premium rates in organized and unorganized market channels. |
⭐ किस्म की विशेषताएं — Radish Seeds AgriBee सफ़ेद Cobra
विशिष्ट विशेषताएं जो इस किस्म को भारतीय किसानों की पहली पसंद बनाती हैं।
🌿 किस्म की मुख्य विशेषताएं
AgriBee सफ़ेद Cobra delivers reliable field performance with exceptional root uniformity and high germination rates under diverse Indian growing conditions.
🌿 उपज की गुणवत्ता एवं रूप-रंग
Pure white, long cylindrical roots (25–30 cm) with smooth, unblemished skin, mild pungent taste, and crisp succulent flesh ideal for fresh consumption.
🌿 तनाव एवं रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता
Good field tolerance to common radish pathogens including white rust and black rot; vigorous root system tolerates moderate moisture fluctuations.
🌿 वृद्धि स्वभाव एवं ओज (विगर)
Erect growth habit with compact rosette foliage; minimal leafy canopy override ensures energy diversion toward robust root bulking.
🌿 फसल अवधि एवं पकने का समय
Early-maturing at 40–45 days to first harvest, enabling flexible cropping sequences and multiple cycles per season in favorable zones.
🌿 मंडी एवं किसान प्राथमिकता
Consistent white color, uniform length, and mild pungency make सफ़ेद Cobra highly sought after by traders, processors, and export-oriented buyers across India.
